Compare the Techniques Used in Two Adverts by Holiday Companies to Target Their Audience and Sell Their Product

Compare the techniques used in two adverts by holiday companies to target their audience and sell their product. In this essay I will discuss the similarities and differences of two holiday adverts; one for Blackpool and the other for Ibiza. Firstly I will discuss the layout of the adverts. The Blackpool ad has a central picture of recognisable attractions such as the Blackpool tower and ferris wheel by the harbour which shimmers with light which brightens up the advert, similarly the Ibiza advert has a central eye catching picture of three young people dancing laughing and a sexy young female posing on her own on the beach whilst the sun is setting. The Blackpool ad has the writing on the left hand side which states the main important facts and a postcard in the middle of the picture and information listed where as Ibiza has their images on the left, small white font which isn’t clear and few aspects written around the ad. This give a different feed back to the audience that their images are their main appearance where as Blackpool is detailing both information and few images. Their adverts are different because Ibiza focuses their holiday for a younger generation to seek out selling that holiday or product for that specific type of audience, where as Blackpool specialise for an older generation to sell their product. Secondly the font. The Blackpool advert is plain and simple, making it visible and easier to understand. It is printed in a white and dark blue background which makes it stand out, where as the Ibiza ad font is bold neon colours such as white, red, yellow and pink in the slogan, and their contact information. It uplifts and levier the younger audiences attention where as Blackpool draws older calmer people to come relax. There are lots of different font styles in the Ibiza advert, the word Ibiza is written in a 3D effect making it look glamorous and exciting where as the Black pool is capitalized on the first letter written in a plain but simple structure. Ibiza sets their ad to be funky based on their audience but Blackpool seeks for a calmer but organised audience. Thirdly the colours. The Blackpool advert uses are soft but good colours such as white, black, with a touch of pink, blue, orange and yellow to emphasis their heading and contact details. The colour gold suggests, that having the best time of your life on your holiday. On the other hand Ibiza advert uses bold: neon colours such as red, pink, yellow, black similar to Blackpool but more thistly for the attention to target their on going audience, where as Blackpool was as bright appearance mainly for the tower and Ferris wheel which mainly their dazzles with lights around them. Blackpool was generally advertising for the older generation which is a calmer appearance for relaxing, going sightseeing and having fun in a basic manner but on the other hand Ibiza advert appealed for the younger generation which settles for livelier and exciting appearance for their audience. The language which was used in Blackpool was plain English which give full details which the reader could understand clearly whereas Ibiza was written in slang for their slogan and also written in a different font style and plain English for the contact, location and general aspects of the holiday about getting there. Blackpool features their audience to read about more of their advert, but Ibiza settles for more pictures and their language of detail cannot be read clearly but also have a bright and groovy effect when you read their colourful advert. Their main idea of their language was to attract younger and older audience based on their structure of their advert and how it is written and to sell their product. The Images which Blackpool uses to enhance their advert for their audience are the direction or map, the beach, winter gardens, the Blackpool tower and the tower ballroom dancing, and also a free phone number, the older generation are more sensible with their money because the adverts gives a package of holiday and more fun and exciting features of relaxing where as Ibiza uses three young people having fun laughing and having ice-cream, a group of friends in a limo chilling going out, eight different snap shots of youngsters posing on a track (road), three dancing ,and two mainly outstanding the advert set on the background in the evening while sun is setting on a beach, the temperature and how much the drink prices are, and lastly the map with different locations and the website and contact detail. The reason Ibiza uses more images and more colour s for their liver younger audience was to specialize on the main appearance on selling their product whereas Blackpool does the same but in a calmer and professional manner for the older audience. The Slogans. Blackpool theme was â€Å"GOLD the time of your life! † which is located on the top right hand corner written in two different fonts and also in white but was not eye catching for their audience based on its location, on the other hand Ibiza own was situated a few inches underneath its heading Ibiza, written in a stylish font, bold and colour white â€Å"uplifting club beats with a deep indie poolside vibe† same as Blackpool but its eye catching for their main audience and it also uplifts the background of the images of their main attraction. It words says it all about the club music and the atmosphere that you will be having fun for this whole time whereas also for Blackpool but with a calmer sensation. In conclusion the main similarities Blackpool and Ibiza in relation to target their audience. Their colours are similar but the difference is that Ibiza got more and it’s brighter than Blackpool has softer colours. Their slogan is written in different fonts and their details but the difference between both they are attracting two different styles of people for their advert. Their images both speak out for the ad but Ibiza has bolder and larger than Blackpool where as is smaller and calmer features towards their audience. The language both written in plain English but the difference is that Ibiza has slang to their slogan and Blackpool do not have. The similarity for their font are bolder and clear for their heading â€Å"Ibiza and Blackpool†, their contact detail, and also their colours such as white, pink, orange and yellow in certain words pointed out in their advert information. In closing the similarity is that they both settle to sell their product to their audience but their difference is that Ibiza targeted a younger people who want to have lots of fun where as Blackpool generally settles for a calmer older group who wants to have fun but relaxing holiday.

Case Study Panera Bread Essay

Synopsis Panera Bread is a casual made-to-order fast food restaurant that offers specialty breads, sandwiches, tossed salads and soups. Established in 1981, with 1,562 company owned and franchised locations, Panera Bread has moved into the forefront of the restaurant business, and has strategically penetrated the market while acquiring a robust amount of loyal customers. Most of the restaurants offer the choice of indoor and outdoor dining. A fireplace inside the restaurant is appealing to many customers during the winter months, of whom are looking for a hot cup of coffee and a place to read their newspaper or book. Coffee, tea, and soda are offered with free refills, and water with lemons is complementary. Indoor tables, free refills, and comfortable tables/chairs make Panera Breads establishment a functional study place for college kids. Every restaurant is well staged with elegant displays of their specialty baked products, making it nearly impossible not to indulge. This fast growing res taurant has maintained a competitive edge due to their appealing interior design, neutral dining environment, fresh baked goods, fresh coffee and tea, made-to-order foods with possible drive-through capabilities, customer rewards card, tables equipped with electrical outlets, and efficient service. Panera Bread establishments, undoubtedly, offer an experience that can only occur at Panera Bread. Resources Panera Bread has a driving concept to provide a premium specialty bakery and cafà © experience to urban workers and suburban dwellers. Attractive & appealing menu Nationwide leader in the bakery-cafà © segment High ratings in customer satisfaction studies Good brand name Fresh dough operations & sales to franchised stores Initial success in catering Good franchisees – higher sales in franchised stores compared to company-owned Financial strength of the company – able to grow without taking on too much debt Capabilities Panera bread offers an upscale fast casual dining experience. Panera operates in three business segments: company owned bakery-cafà © operations, franchise operations, fresh dough operations. Every restaurant is well staged with elegant displays of their specialty baked products, making it nearly impossible not to indulge. This fast growing restaurant has maintained a competitive edge due to their appealing interior design, neutral dining environment, fresh baked goods, fresh coffee and tea, made-to-order foods with possible drive-through capabilities, customer rewards card, tables equipped with electrical outlets, and efficient service. Core Competencies Panera has created a casual but comfortable place where customers could eat freshly baked sandwiches, soups and salads without worrying about whether or not it is nutritious. The company is designed to visually reinforce the distinctive difference between its bakery-cafes and those of its competitors. Management of corporate and franchise growth, as well a deep sense of community involvement and the desire to give back to community, further solidify Panera’s placement as something different in today marketplace. Panera’s deep sense community can be seen as Panera gives away leftover bread to homeless shelters and collects money for other charitable causes such as the Operation Dough-Nation program. Finding of Fact #1 The Panera Bread Company does not have an aggressive marketing strategy and aims to let customers discover Panera on their own. Panera’s service is not as fast as other fast-food companies and charges higher prices. Panera has higher prices than rivals, which could be due to their operating costs. Panera has expanded in the past years but the locations are concentrated geographically. Recommedation#1 Panera has opportunities to continue their success in the fast casual industry. They can try to control operating costs that might be out of hand or unnecessary. The company should consider expanding into new markets and  expanding geographically, even internationally. Products can continually be made based on current food trends. The peak hours at Panera are breakfast and lunch, efforts could be made to attract a larger dinnertime rush. I think that they should apply dinner specials so that more customers come in during that time; this would be to increase sales during dinner times. Another idea is for online ordering, for the customers on the go. This way they can have a higher turnover rate when it comes to waiting in lines. Finding of Fact #2 Panera Bread operating cost is too high. Recommendation #2 Another thing that I would recommend Panera do, instead of making their dough at bakeries, Panera makes their dough at their stores. This could eliminate the middleman, and possibly eliminating excess materials in the process (including a reduction in transportation costs). This could potentially help their bottom line. Making low operating costs for a fast casual industry will prove successful. In an industry that has easy substitutes it is important to cut down overhead prices to make the most from your sales. Integrating vertically could cut operating costs making profit increase. Finding of Fact #3 Panera Bread management needs to strengthen the company’s competitive position. Recommendation #3 I recommend that the company focus on location to help increase their competitive position. It is a key success factor. Most consumers at a fast casual restaurant will be middle or upper class. It is important to locate these restaurants near demographic areas where many middle or upper class people can access the business. Many fast casual restaurants try to create a third place. The location of this restaurant is important because it should be placed in a central location where other commodities are surrounding it. To stay profitable in the highly competitive restaurant industry, Panera  regularly reviews and revises their menu to sustain the interest of regular customers, satisfy changing customer preferences, and be responsive to various seasons of the year. Panera develops an advantage in changing their menu over competitors such as McDonald’s and Subway who do not change their menu frequently and customers often lose interest in their menu offerings. Works Cited Wheelen, Thomas L. and J. David Hunger. Strategic Management and Business Policy Toward Global Sustainablity. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2012.

The role of phonological awareness and memory in second language Essay

The role of phonological awareness and memory in second language - Essay Example The nature of cognitive constructs has not been a simple topic either in the field of applied linguistics, or in the pedagogy field of studies; nonetheless, a number of researches have shown that the levels of awareness and working memory were important in learning L2 as well as in first language (L1). The specific goals of this paper are to review the previous findings on these topics and to explore empirically crucial facts about them. To provide an accurate definition of "fluency" has not been an easy task for SLA researchers. Theoretically, there are two approaches in defining "fluency": in a broader sense, fluency is a global oral proficiency, and in a narrower sense, fluency is considered as the component of oral proficiency that is purely a performance phenomenon (Lennon, 2000). In line with this, Kormos and Denes (2004) argued in their study of perception of fluency that there are high-order fluency, which can be equated with proficiency, and low-order fluency, which is represented by temporal aspects of fluency. The current research takes the narrower perspective (i.e. low-order fluency), following Lennon's definition of fluency (2000: 26): "rapid, smooth, accurate, lucid and efficient translation of thought or communicative intention into language under the temporal constraints of online processing." In short, this is the capacity to use language in real time. Kormos and Denes (2004) proposed that fluency may not only be a temporal phenomenon: for some people, conceptualization of fluency might include grammatical precision and lexical diversity. This finding highlights the fact that fluency is often discussed with the context of its complexity and accuracy. These three aspects of language presentation have been used to describe language learners' performance for the oral/written assessment and also to indicate their proficiency underlying their interpretation. Researchers have claimed that fluency, complexity and correctness are in competition with one another for attention resources (Ellis & Barkhuizen, 2005; Skehan, 1996). In other words, it is unlikely that a learner can achieve fluency, complexity and accuracy simultaneously since his/her attention and memory capabilities are limited. For instance, in a study that compared fluency, complexity and accuracy, Skehan (1998) discussed that fluency is associated with meaning-based communica tion, which in turn is associated with lexicalization. Therefore, a learner's performance may be over-lexicalized if fluency is consistently prioritized. Skehan and Foster analyzed the influence of task structure and processing load on narrative performance and found that fluency has increased when the assignment performance was meaning-oriented: for example, when 1) tasks were on personal matters (1997), and 2) tasks contained comprehensible, inherent, sequential structure (1999). In addition, the set of fluency measures generated no significant correlations between the proportions of form complexity and accuracy. In the field of SLA, the establishment of the appropriate standards of fluency has been a major concern.

Why does Montaigne change so many definition of words Essay

Why does Montaigne change so many definition of words - Essay Example arbitrary, and people define concepts, according to their views of truth and reason, without considering the existence and validity of other truths and reasons. While people define â€Å"bodies† in the physical sense, they stress its sacredness, which is why they think that people who eat human flesh are â€Å"barbarians,† but Montaigne disagrees with the idealization of the human body, when it can serve many immoral purposes. He reminds his readers that â€Å"bodies† are not exactly detached from the act of being consumed or used in other corrupt ways. He provides examples of ancestors who ate the bodies of people who were â€Å"incapable of fighting† (114). This means that able bodies trump weaker ones, even if they both have bodies. People in power define â€Å"bodies† as they see fit, and the morality of doing so becomes blurred in different circumstances and cultures. â€Å"Barbarian† is another word with contested meanings. Montaigne defines â€Å"barbarous† as a concept coined by a society that looks down on a pure society, and if the latter are described as â€Å"wild,† they are wild because they are pure. He denigrates that people call something â€Å"barbarous,† simply because they are â€Å"contrary† to their â€Å"habits† (108). If these barbarians are considered â€Å"wild,† for him, they are wild in a good way. They are wild because â€Å"the true, the most useful, and natural virtues and properties are alive and vigorous† (Montaigne 109). Instead of seeing â€Å"wild† as the opposite of civilized, Montaigne argues that it is a civilization on its own that is not inferior to Western society. To be barbaric is related to â€Å"victory† and its many hued definitions. Montaigne describes â€Å"victory† as aligned to the simple desire of controlling people’s emotions. For the â€Å"barbarians,† â€Å"victory† happens when they have broken the spirit of their prisoners, until the latter beg for their lives (115). Montaigne differentiates this from the â€Å"victory† of

Preexisting Duty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Preexisting Duty - Essay Example Likewise, if a party is already bound by contract to perform a certain duty, that duty cannot serve as consideration for a second contract. However, if, during performance of a contract, extraordinary difficulties arise that were totally unforeseen at the time the contract was formed, a court may allow an exception to the rule. In this case, Jones and DR entered the initial contract which Jones need to build a DR Drug Store for DR. The contract is valid since it had met the four requirements. However, in the second contract, which is a modification of the initial contract, the legally sufficient consideration was missing. What Jones promise to do in the second contract was to build the DR Drug Store, which they already have legal duty to do in the initial contract. Due to the preexisting duty rule, the second contract was not enforceable. Moreover, the accident that happened to Jones was not an unforeseen difficulty. Although the reason for the collapse of the trusses was not due to faults or deficiencies in the building plan prepared by Jones, as a construction company, they should have anticipated for unforeseen events or included clauses in their first contract such as the liquidated damages clause. Thus, Jones cannot argue about this

The Ginge Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Ginge Industry - Essay Example The demand for space has driven exploration and globalization. Its value has not just been recognized economically but also socially as an element of culture and scientifically for its potential in pharmacology and medicine. Considering the Europe naval race for the Asian spice islands which laid the foundation for imperialism in the 14th and 15th century, there is no doubt that it is an industry of world importance. One of the spices that have figured well in the spice trade is ginger, a spice that seems inconsequential today but was once considered as an indication of class and culture (Hutton & Cassio 2003). Estimates of the global spice industry have been generally positive, growing by about 5% since 1998 (Food and Agricultural Organization [FAO] 2005). The industry is dominated by India followed by Indonesia and China, which is exhibiting the most significant growth in recent years (see Appendix A). Spice production in Thailand from 1998 to 2001 list garlic, ginger, hot pepper, chili pepper, shallot, clove and pepper as key products (â€Å"Ginger† 2003). In previous years, there has been a focus on peppers because of rising in world prices. However, subsequent declines in global indices have also been credited for the deceleration of the industry. Appendix A also documents the 2001 standing of the Thai spice industry worldwide. Based on estimates done by the Thai Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MAC), it estimates the value of the industry to US$19.36 million in 2001 (FAO 2005). As seen in Appendix B, pepper cultivation represents the bulk of spice production in country. Thus, though there has been decline in the price of the commodity, the size of its market supports its role as primary spice commodity for the country. The bulk of revenues from the trade of spices are supported significant domestic consumption but the main motivation for players in the Thai spice industry is to supply international demand. As seen in Appendix C, Thai spice exports make up the majority of total production. Ginger Cultivation and Trade China holds market leadership in the ginger category, 25% of the total world production, eclipsing spice trade leader India ("Ginger", 2003). However, though China ranks as the world's leader in production, export of ginger has been dominated by Japan. This is because much of China's production has been directed to its domestic markets (FAO 2005). Cultivation of ginger was

Entrepreneurship International new ventures - internalization, growth Thesis - 1

Entrepreneurship International new ventures - internalization, growth path, Measutement - Thesis Example Logitech and Skype are two firms that started out as international new ventures. Logitech and Skype are selected for case studies because they both represent the opportunities accorded international entrepreneurs and at the same time represent two different types of opportunities and risks taken and how those risks pay off and can be detrimental to international entrepreneurs. In this regard, Logitech represents how risks in international entrepreneurships can be profitable and Skype represents how risks can actually be detrimental to international new ventures. The results of this study confirm both network and internationalization theories. These results are discussed and implications for theory and practice are also discussed. Studies on international firms often focus on multi-national enterprises (MNE) which usually begin as large and powerful domestic firms that eventually branch out into the international arena (Oviatt & McDougall, 1994). However, advances in technology and an increase in the number of individuals with experience in international business have opened up opportunities for non-traditional MNEs (Oviatt & McDougall, 1994). Since the 1990s, there have been a significant and progressive growth in the number of ‘new and young firms’ that join the international market from the start (McDougall, Oviatt, & Shrader, 2003, p. 59). This trend in internationalisation from the start is known as International New Ventures (INV) (McDougall, et al., 2003). Researchers have attempted to understand why new firms which are comparatively small, would assume the additional ‘risk’ of venturing directly into the international market (McDougall, et al., 2003, p. 60). Traditional international business theories fail to provide a framework for analysing and understanding why international entrepreneurs venture out into the global market place from inception. This is because traditional international

Joseph Kony Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Joseph Kony - Term Paper Example This paper therefore presents a qualitative research using both primary and secondary data to examine the opinions of the public to the issue. The Primary data is gathered from 5 students using questionnaires. Secondary data is gathered from various internet websites and journals that analyze opinions on this issue. The opinions gathered in this research showed that has expressed mixed reactions to the issue, with some supporting it and others do not. Various arguments are advanced in support of the different perspectives of the public. Joseph Kony is the head of a Ugandan Guerilla group known as Lord Resistant Army (LRA). This group was formed in 1987 with an agenda of overthrowing the government of Uganda. According to Ksilvers (2012), this group enjoyed massive public support initially. However, this changed after the group turned against its own supporters in the process of trying to turn Uganda into a theocracy. Kony is a superstitious leader who claims that he is a spirit medium and a spokesman of God. He believes that if he succeeds in overthrowing Ugandan government, he can create a more suitable government based on theocracy and guided by the biblical Ten Commandments. His soldiers have crosses painted on their chests and believe that this will protect them from bullets. Unfortunately, the actions of this group directly contrast the requirements of biblical principles. However, though as the survey portrays most people did not know Kony before his indictment by the ICC, Kony remains as the biggest threat t o peace and stability in Norhtern Uganda, having carried out massive abductions and killings in his guerrilla tactics. As noted earlier, LRA, originally called United Holy Salvation Army (UHSA) was established in 1987. Its agenda was political and the ruling party, the National Resistant Army led by Ugandan President did not perceive it as a threat

Workers in the African countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Workers in the African countries - Essay Example Growth performance of African countries of 1970s and 1990s had been unimpressive. The empirical literature is still inconclusive. Importance of measuring the output per worker growth that is connected with per worker physical and human capital lies in assessing political changes, technology improvement and social upheavals. It also shows at times, that even in countries with higher economic growth, trends could be reversing. Main factor that affects all levels of economy is the targeted level of development. Financial liberalization is supposed to stimulate higher savings rate and higher interest rates on those savings, leading to higher capital growth. The level of real income plays the most important part in savings, especially in poor countries. Naturally as income increases, savings rate too increases, with comfortable spending power. Empirical research done in the field shows that for sub-Saharan Africa to achieve 5.3 per cent GDP growth, to reach the point where savings rate could be comfortable, it would require 18 years. Though a lot is done in this field, further empirical research has to be done on priority basis. Current research stops after showing that African savings and interest rates are linked with low-income rate and very few government policies exist to encourage savings. In the last two decades, Nigeria, Rwanda, Kenya and Sudan suffered capital flight of 60%, while other African countries suffered a lesser 40%. Many African top officials were presumed to have huge foreign currency accounts in other continents and chances are remote of its being reinvested in Africa. "A difficult question is what African governments can do to obtain the repatriation of those funds, and how the countries in which the accounts are held can be persuaded to be of assistance." http://www.uneca.org/eca_resources/Publications/ESPD/economic_report_1999.htm Foreign direct investment flow to Africa is not stupendous and to create higher savings rate this has to be increased. Migration of skilled labour out of Africa had been another deterrent. Migration is motivated usually because of low investment in transport, infrastructure, energy and communication. Africa has to expand its investment, growth and productivity to stimulate savings rate. African countries are politically and socially unstable and this does not create an atmosphere conducive to attract investments. But it is heartening to note that from 1994 to 1998, Africa showed positive GDP growth in spite of unfavourable global conditions. "To test whether or not Africa has built a critical mass of momentum towards sustained, poverty-reducing growth requires the use of multiple evaluation criteria. Unfortunately, comprehensive, Africa-specific composite indices needed for this purpose are not available," http://www.uneca.org/eca_resources/Publications/ESPD/economic_report_1999.htm Savings rate usually depends on capabilities, aspirations, functions and peculiar constraints of the region and might be helped with a policy evaluation by the Governments. African Governments, most of the time, are fighting for their own survival and this leaves with insufficient elbow space for economic measures. This failure leads to non-accumulation of future growth, and hence, future welfare. This might result in lack of education, unemployment and low worker output. People's choices get highly curtailed with very few future opportunities, leaving generations to come in

The harmful value of value meals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The harmful value of value meals - Essay Example For instance, Yum! Brands Inc., has established 38,000 restaurants globally; and McDonalds has set-up a total of 33,000 chains from all over the continent. Hence, it is no surprise why fast food is already served at restaurants, drive-through, schools and universities, bus stations, airports, and even at hospitals. People’s fast food preference may be due to the fact that it is served quicker; thus, allowing them to maximize their time and become more efficient in their daily tasks. Likewise, others opt to buy fast food for their meal because it is delicious and very affordable. However, little did they know that as they consume more and more fast food each day, they are putting themselves in high danger of acquiring various fatal diseases. Obesity Obesity (i.e. a body mass index of greater than or equal to 30) is one of the detrimental effects of too much fast food consumption. According to Brindal et al., fast food contains highly dense and high level of fats and calories pe r serving high (113). Thus, over-consumption of fast food makes people more susceptible to gaining weight, which usually exceeds the normal status. According to the World Health Organization (â€Å"Obesity and Overweight†), since the year 1980, the total number of global-wide obesity has doubled; and just recently, the total number of people who are obese has reached more than 500 million. Obesity makes people’s life more difficult and hassle because people with a very heavy weight cannot move freely, which makes less mobile. As an effect, they may develop other complications like being bow-legged (especially for obese children), sleep disturbances like sleep apnea, asthma, arthritis, and poor surgical and childbirth outcomes (for mothers) Clarke (â€Å"Health Risks†). The worst is, WHO (â€Å"Obesity and Overweight†) made it clear that obesity is more deadly than being underweight. Aside from the physical danger brought by obesity to people, it may also put them in a state of emotional crisis. Obesity may lead to depression because of the hormonal imbalance that happens inside the body as more fats are consumed (Bessesen, Hill and Wyatt). Aside from that, being obese, unfortunately, increases their chances of being the subject of negative judgment, severe bullying, and social discrimination. Considering the societal norm of beauty and ideal body structure, being obese does not qualify to the established standards. Thus, obese individuals need to handle those emotional and social challenges in which only few may endure. Some may resort to suicide because for them, it is better to end their lives than to continuously experience the trauma of being rejected. Apparently, this is how far fast food eating can throw people. By merely wanting to experience the comfort fast food offers, they need to carry the physical and emotional burden it brings. However, this is just one of the reasons why it is practical to abolish the practice of eati ng fast food. Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes is another health problem that may arise as a result of fast food eating. Fast foods such as soft drinks or soda, French fries, shakes, sandwiches, burger, pizza pies, etc. are rich in carbohydrates (Clarke â€Å"Why is Fast Food†). Too much carbohydrate intake increases the level of the blood component triglyceride, which results to either, failure of the pancreas to produce enough amount of insulin or body system’s improper insulin use (Clarke â€Å"Why is Fast Food†). This scenario exposes individuals to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, for sugar in their body will build up in the bloodstream instead of being utilized for energy. For instance, in the

My Counseling Theory Paper Essay Example for Free

My Counseling Theory Paper Essay Running head: Finding Meaning Finding Meaning in Life Sandy Patty Made Up University Abstract What is to be said about life and circumstances? There are many different theories and perspectives about it, but my concern is when someone feels they have to be subject to their circumstance. Further in this paper I will discuss my personal counseling theory and how I believe that not one person has to be ruled by a certain circumstance and that they are not by any means validated by one person because they have the opportunity to discover meaning in their life for themselves and discover an array of opportunities in life. Finding Meaning in Life Introduction My story is not something new or one that has never been told before, but it is unique to me and bears significant value due to the way that it shaped and formed me into the person I am today and the reason for me pursuing a career in counseling. I come from a mixed, biracial, and very religious family. The women in my family all seem to have gone through significant and grave hardships and/or traumatic experiences. My grandmother was sold as a sex slave when she was 3 years old because her Mother was dirt poor and needed money to sustain her drug/alcohol addiction. At an early age my grandmother was forced into prostitution as a way of life and a means to sustain herself. She then later met my grandfather who was a minister in a local religious church and they married. My mother was born into a very religious environment, strict dress codes, no jewelry, makeup, pants, they were forcefully instructed that they were the lesser of men, and they were to always obey their husband regardless of the issue or circumstance. During my Mother’s adolescent years she was a victim of child molest and the perpetrator was an important figure in the church. When my Mother attempted to tell my grandmother what had happened, she was severely physically punished and accused of lying. Since then, she never once told a soul as it continued to occur. She had become a pin-cushion for a â€Å"religious leader† within the church. Later on in life, my Mother met my father who was a young youth pastor in town and they married. My father was also a very religious man and held strongly to his beliefs. My parents struggled financially and experienced many hardships due to church and family. I believe my parents were somewhat forced in marriage at such an early age due to their religious setting and they were not prepared at all for what faced them ahead. My mother had children by age 19 and her life changed dramatically. My one and only older sibling was born and he became the closest thing to a mentor that I had. I too, grew up in a very religious and strict home environment. We were taught that there was only one way to live and it was according to the Bible and the rules taught in Church, anything else was unacceptable and reprimanded. My father was always a very hard worker and was hardly home due to working so many jobs in order to provide for the family. When he was home, I remember him and my mother arguing constantly due to issues with his family interfering with their marriage and finances. From an early age, I remember my mother crying and coming to me to talk about what was bothering her or issues with my father. I would just listen and offer advice as best as an 8 yr. old could and I remember thinking to myself, â€Å"Is this normal, am I supposed to be doing this? It felt strange and hard to not be biased in a situation involving my family, but I learned at a very young age things a child should not know or experience. I definitely had to grow up quick and learned to figure things out on my own. My older brother pretty much raised me and was the only person I could confide in or talk to. My family was not very affectionate, but rather very cold and distant and always brought everything back to a religio us setting. I have always been told I was very mature for my age and I attribute this to my childhood or lack thereof and being forced to play an adult role due to circumstance. I do not write this story for pity, but rather because I believe it played a significant role in me pursuing counseling as a career path. It feels so natural for me when I’m talking to people because it was something I can always remember doing. From such an early age, I have always been engaged with older people and hearing about issues from failed relationships to traumatic/crisis situations. I strongly believe that this is one of the reasons I am not a very judgmental person because I feel I have experienced so much that I know what it is like to go through many different situations and not so pleasant circumstances. Core Theoretical Principles My counseling theory is that even though human beings have the need for approval or longing of someone else to bring substantial meaning in their life, they are not by any means validated by any one person or situation because you focus on the present and future and make the most of your circumstance. I experienced that in my childhood every time I saw my mother and father arguing and later I would hear from her what exactly happened between them. I remember thinking to myself that why would someone stay in an abusive situation or at least not stand up for themselves. I concluded that she needed to be validated by the relationship and for her to leave the relationship or stand up for herself would mean to defy her husband, church, and God. The Existential theory really brought insight into my life because it helped me understand what I always knew and from what I had experienced at an early age. In essence Existentialism states that we are not victims of circumstance because, to a large extent, we are what we choose to be (Corey, 2009, pg. 133). It is about recognizing certain tragedies experienced in life, but also embracing and understanding the positive opportunities that lie ahead, and to also comprehend the fact that we are human and what it means to be just that. It is a difficult concept to grasp at first because society teaches us that it is about building relationships and finding someone to validate who you are as a person, but existentialism is about understanding and facing the fact that we are essentially alone and facing that anxiety. It is in this theory that we tend to discover just who we are as a person and are able to discover more about ourselves and make sense of our existence. According to Carl Rogers, his experience taught him that if one is able to get to the core of an individual, one finds a trustworthy, positive center. He believed that people are trustworthy, resourceful, capable of self-understanding and self-direction, able to make constructive changes, and able to live effective and productive lives. In this theory, I believe that despite circumstance, a person is able to â€Å"bounce back† and still be able to live a healthy and high functioning life. I would incorporate what Car Rogers expressed as the three main attributes needed to foster change, Congruence, Unconditional Positive Regard, and Accurate Empathic Understanding. For me, it has always been very important for me to deal with someone on a personal level, never forgetting that we are all humans and not above anyone else. I honestly believe that when you treat someone with respect regardless of age, gender, race, etc. then trust and respect is created and that is the number one element in any counseling relationship. Gestalt is another form of holistic psychology theory and one that I would strongly employ because I am a firm believer in perception and the meaning-making process. Gestalt therapy suggests that the objective is to enable the client to become more fully and creatively alive and to become free from the blocks and unfinished business that may diminish satisfaction, fulfillment, and growth, and to experiment with new ways of being (Corey, 2009, pg. 204). It looks at the bigger picture as a whole not just one part of the whole because I believe in order to truly understand someone you need to perhaps dissect pieces, but only in order to understand the whole. Anticipated Settings I currently am employed at a Child Family Advocacy Center that helps victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, child abuse, and elder abuse. I have always been interested in the helping profession and because of my childhood and the many different experiences and circumstances I encountered, I have always known I wanted to work in this specific area in order to attempt to make a change and help people who fall victims of such a terrible circumstance. As a future counselor I would like to remain relatively in the same field of helping victims of a crime, which include sexual assault, child molest, and domestic violence. I have seen and experienced all of this personally whether with family or friends and I have a passion and urge to help make a difference. I believe that life is definitely not fair, people are played the cards they are dealt, but also that a person is not validated by their past circumstances or anyone and it is up to them to find meaning in their life and discover who they are and want to become. Techniques I believe that it is necessary to provide adequate education and training to all the community because there are many people who unaware of the laws that can protect them from crimes and they are also unaware of the many various options they have to change their situation. I would employ an ongoing community education program offering free training to local offices, schools, day cares, etc. , just to spread the word of the different community resources available to help the people. In working closely with and advocacy center, I would incorporate a domestic violence group that is not biased and one that actually helpful to people and does not enable them. Unfortunately, services in this area are limited to the same service providers and people are left with limited options. Too many times, clients have approached me with disappointment in therapist they have encountered and they are turned off by the idea of counseling because of several negative experiences. I am very passionate about this type of work specifically because of my past and I would like to genuinely be able to help people in these types of situations and therefore, would in the future, like to offer counseling services specifically to victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, and/or child abuse. I would not be biased, and because of my past I understand what it is like to live in that type of situation and I also understand leaving is not always the easiest decision a person can make because there are many factors to consider. People in these types of situations are very unique in the fact that they have learned to survive on their own and know what they need to do or to say the right thing in order to survive. This is not a situation where one counseling theory covers all clients, so I would tailor each to the specific person because I understand their situation is unique and requires a technique to match. Also, I believe that it is vital to establish a healthy relationship with the client in order for them to trust you and open up to you. I would incorporate many of the Rogerian techniques regarding the genuine relationship with the client, trusting environment. Victims of any of these types of crime have been through some of the most horrendous situations and they have learned to adapt to the perpetrators needs and threats. If a counselor walks into a session with an â€Å"all knowing† authoritative attitude it will discourage the victim from speaking the truth and the counselor will have lost, which may have been the only opportunity, to help the victim possible change their circumstance. I would enter into the counselor/client relationship giving respect and trust on my part and genuinely attempting to get to know the client and their unique situation. I would also involve the client every step of the way because it is this same client that returns to their situation at home and not me so I would always need to have their best interest and safety in mind. The clients would not just be another file on my desk, but rather a person who’s life can be altered by perhaps just one meeting in counseling so what better change to reach out and try and help someone. It is with this that I would definitely incorporate many of the existential techniques in helping clients find meaning in their life by exploring their different life situations. Limitations A very common limitation that I experience already in the line of work I do now is the fact that even though I am passionate about this field, the actuality of it is that I cannot change a person, they have to decide for themselves when that change is appropriate. Many times I have seen counselors burnout in this field because they feel they are not making any significant change due to many victims returning to the same abusive relationship or circumstance. So in theory, all of these techniques and theories are wonderful, but in reality they are dependent on the client. Summary Life is simple, it’s just not easy. People have to play the cards they are dealt. Life is not fair by any means and we could use this as an excuse to wallow in pity or use it to motivate us to overcome and conquer our situation. We are not validated by any one circumstance or person, we can choose to discover for ourselves who we are and who we wish to become. My personal counseling theory is just that, very personal because it was unknowingly developed over time due mostly through what I have experienced in life.

The Kite Runner Essay Example for Free

The Kite Runner Essay The kite runner is a novel about change. Change is defined as passing from one phase to another. In this novel, it is shown that change is inevitable and no matter how hard you try to suppress the past it will always re-surface. Khaled Hossieni portrays change through settings, relationships and the character of Amir. The techniques used to depict these changes are the three-part structure, emotive language and descriptive language. Change in the setting is powerful as it shows the significant impact on the life of the narrator. The change of settings in the kite runner gives historical perspective and introduces the culture of Afghanistan, where ethnicity, religion and class play a major role in the conflicts of the story. The novel begins with the time and place of ‘December 2001’ in San Francisco. Evidence is shown in the quote â€Å"I went for a walk along Spreckels Lake on the northern edge of gold gate park. It then immediately dates back to an â€Å"overcast day in the winter of 1975† to an event that occurred in an alley when he was twelve years old. This event is important in the novel as it foreshadows a major aspect that has been affecting Amir for the last 26 years. This is shown in the quote â€Å"I became the man I am today at the age of twelve† and the quote â€Å" I knew it wasn’t just Rahim khan on the line. It was my past of un-atoned sins†. The use of unatoned sins provides us that the book will reveal what amir had done in his past life that was so sinful. The three-part structure shows change as a circle of life and how life has many rises and falls. This is shown through the use of dates and jumping of years. Change in relationships in the novel is powerful as it establishes the themes of the novel. Amir and Baba’s relationship introduces an aspect in the novel of how delicate their connection to each other is and how easily it can transition to a negative relation. Amir grows up used to getting what he wants except for the only thing he is deprived and he wants so desperately is baba’s affection. Amir takes the burden of blaming himself as to why Baba doesn’t give him affection because he killed his mother during childbirth. While Baba doesn’t give him affection because he wishes amir was more like him. The quote â€Å"I’ve never laid a hand on you, amir but if you ever say that again†¦.. You bring me shame† is very powerful as it displays how sensitive amir and baba’s relationship is that just by amir asking a question it has ruined their connection to each other. The use of emotive language shows the change of amir and baba’s relationship when you compare it to the end of the book when Baba realizes that Amir is finally happy. Evidence is shown in the quote â€Å"I could see his internal smile, as wide as the skies of Kabul on nights when the poplars shivered and the sound of crickets swelled in the gardens†. The Change in character in the novel is powerful as it displays how issues in the novel conflict to how a person’s life can be changed for better or for worse. In the beginning of the novel, amir is reminiscing back on how he had become such a troubled adult and how he had been scared to stand up for others. Throughout the book we see that amir is basically a good boy, doesn’t get into trouble and is also a good man when he grows up to become an adult, he takes care of his father, has a job and also takes care of his loving wife. But he does make a lot of mistakes in his quest to receive his father’s love and affection. This is discovered in a quote from chapter 7 â€Å"maybe Hassan was the price I had to pay, the lamb I had to slay, to win Baba†. The relationship between Baba and Amir effect Amir’s life to the extent that he is willing to sacrifice his relationship with Hassan and Ali by placing his birthday money and a watch that was given to him by his father under Hassan’s mattress to frame Hassan of stealing it just so he could be with Baba. But to his surprise, Baba doesn’t get rid of Ali and Hassan but forgives Hassan for stealing. The birthday money and the watch is significant in the novel as it reappears later in the story when Amir goes back to Afghanistan and stays at poor families house and gives the children of the poor family his watch and leaves some money under his mattress the next morning. The reoccurrence of the watch and money is important in Amir’s change of character, as it has showed us that he has become selfless by putting the money under the mattress but for the right reasons. The use of descriptive language shows the change of Amir’s character when compared to how evolves from being selfish to selfless. This can be identified in the quote â€Å"I remember Wahid’s boys†¦ I realized something: I would not leave Afghanistan without finding Sohrab†. In conclusion the change in setting is shown through the significant impact of the life of the narrator as he tries to run away from his past by moving to America but was ineffective as it resurfaced and he had to redeem himself by going back to Afghanistan to suppress his unwanted memory of Amir being ‘asseffed’. The change in relationship of Amir and Baba is shown through the significant use of emotive language throughout the novel. It introduces an aspect in the novel of how their relationship is poor, as they couldn’t get along with each other. The change in character of Amir in the novel is displayed through the use of descriptive language. It gives the audience a characteristic view of how Amir changes from being a coward to being courageous and saving Sohrab from Assef at the end of the book.

An Explanation Of What Chartism Is

An Explanation Of What Chartism Is Chartism was a movement born of working class resentment at their exclusion from the newly expanded franchise. It was possibly the first mass working class labour movement in the world. There were two ideological views in Chartism; physical force or moral force, depending upon ones attitudes to violent protest. It was particularly active during times in which the economy was doing badly. For example, during the economic downturns of 1838-39; 1842; 1847-48. The movement of Chartism did not last; its high point could be said to be 1848. This essay will examine the movement; its beginning to its end and whether it can be definitively said to have either succeeded or failed. Chartisms origins lie in London and Birmingham. The London Working Mens Association (founded in 1836) and the Birmingham Political Union focussed on this failure of the act to do something for the working class.  [1]  The London Working Mens Association composed what would eventually become The Peoples Charter during 1837. As Preston W. Slosson wrote, While the phrasing of the Peoples Charter varied somewhat at different periods, the text of the 1837 petition of the London Working ­mens Association is typical of later forms.  [2]  A national meeting to promote the Charter was held in 1837 and also 1838. In May 1838 Henry Vincent was arrested for making inflammatory speeches. He was tried and found guilty and sentenced to twelve months in jail. He was not allowed access to writing materials and only books on religion were available to hm. Chartists in Wales were furious and subsequently, violence broke out. John Frost made speeches across Wales, advocating against breaking the law. He instead felt that a protest would better serve to indicate the strength of the outrage this sentence had caused. The protest was to take place in Newport, where the release of Vincent would be demanded. The authorities in Newport grew fearful when news of this planned protest reached them and when the protesters arrived they discovered that more arrests had been made and that some of their number were being held in Westgate Hotel. Soldiers had been placed inside the Westgate Hotel and when the order was given they began firing into the crowd. Several of the men, including John Frost, were charged with h igh treason and found guilty. They were to be hanged, drawn and quartered. The sentences led to many protests taking place across the country. The government debated the sentences and announced that in lieu of execution they would be transported for life. On the 6 August 1838 the two groups formally adopted the 6 points of the Charter. Soon, it could be seen that the working class public approved of the charter despite the fact that Radicals saw it as overly moderate and did not entirely approve. A large meeting was held on Kersal Moor, Lancashire on 24 September 1838 which attracted many people from all over the country. Rallies were also held throughout 1848 in Glasgow, Birmingham and Leeds. A National Convention gathered in London on February 4, 1839. The Chartists met to prepare for taking their petition to Parliament. The movement organised a group of 50 members to better co-ordinate the presentation of the petition. The first Convention would end badly. Rioting in Birmingham led to the arrest and imprisonment of the Conventions secretary and the author of the Charter, William Lovett. Arrests were made in Birmingham in July, due to the defiance by supporters of a ban on meetings. A week after this, a motion to consider the petition was rejected by 235 votes against to 46 for. After this event, many came to believe that violence was the only way to succeed. Violence broke out in many areas and as a result, arrests followed. The National Charter Association was formed in July 1840 from the wreckage of the previous year to co-ordinate future activities  [3]  as Eric J. Evans states. The partys administrative concerns were overseen by a convention of delegates chosen by the local Charter associations. The organisation was the result of the London Working Mens Association, led by William Lovett and Henry Vincent, and the Birmingham Political Union, including Thomas Atwood and John Collins, joining forces and also unions organised by Feargus OConnor. These merged groups became known as the National Charter Association. To join, one had to purchase a membership card (renewed four times a year).The association elected an executive, which had the use of half the funds of the association. Feargus O Connor was instrumental in holding it together- this was due to his charisma and his newspaper, the Chartist Northern Star which were both prominent aspects of the movement in the coming decade.  [4]  O Connor organised another National Convention. However, it was organised only for members of the National Charter Association. A second petition was presented to Parliament; this was rejected with 287 votes against to 49 votes for. On 10 April 1848, a mass meeting was organised on Kennington Common, the objective of which was to gather a procession to present another petition to Parliament. The number of attendees was disputed; OConnor estimated 300,000; the government, 15,000. It is most likely that 150,000 attended. The government did not believe that the Chartists intended to organise an uprising, but they did fear that a revolution would occur and were therefore determined to make a display of strength to counter the possibility and also potentially get rid of Chartism in a year in which revolutions were taking place across Europe. The military were prepared to act were the Chartists to try and cross the Thames. The petition was estimated to have only around two million signatures, while O Connor claimed the number was around five million. The signatures included those dead and people such as Queen Victoria. While this was a source of ridicule for the Chartists, it is possible such signatures were the resul t of many being illiterate or at threat from their employers were they found to support such a movement. However, Chartism was not destroyed by the ignominy. The question of whether Chartism succeeded or failed is a divisive one, and additionally depends on the way in which one defines the terms. There are many contesting opinions on the issue. In a literal sense, the movement undeniably failed in its goals. The movement achieved little with regards to the government; the constitution was not amended, per the suggestion of Engels. It also did not itself achieve any of the six aims laid out in its Charter. The abolition of the property qualification for MPs was achieved in 1858; universal male suffrage was achieved in stages in 1867/8, 1884, 1918, 1928; the secret ballot was gained in 1872 and a salary for MPs in 1911. The last time it could have been said to have presented a significant challenge to authority is in 1848, the year generally seen as its climactic year. There are several different opinions on the legacy of Chartism. Edward Royle argues against the attribution of the later achievement of these aims to the movement; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦To say that the Ballot Act and other measures came after Chartism and were therefore caused by Chartism is fallacious. These Acts cannot even remotely be attributed to Chartist pressure. It would be more accurate to say that the Ballot Act would probably have come earlier had it not been for Chartismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [5]   However, he does concede that Chartism was successful in some respects. He states that it had a powerful political impact, bringing a new urgency to the philanthropic impulses of private individuals and the reforming tendencies of those in government.  [6]  He states that the Ballot Act may have come earlier had it not been for the movement; the tactics employed by the movement were not always those that would have been best recommended. Events such as those with the petition with the forged signatures of the dead and the non-existent damaged its reputation. Eric J. Evans argues that the movement should not be judged by how much of a threat it was but rather as an important political education of working class people. He writes that, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Chartism imbued its adherents with both a cultural identity and a strong sense of hope which transcended immediate failures. Nothing in working-class politics would be unaffected by the Chartist experienceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [7]   As Evans states, the movement had a profound effect on working class politics. The experience of Chartism educated the people and Slosson agrees on this point: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The un ­en ­fran ­chised class ­es had come to know them ­selves; to be con ­scious both of their strength and of their weak ­ness. The very faults and blun ­ders which wrecked Char ­tism have been turned to good ac ­count as a warn ­ing to lat ­er work ­ing-à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…’class move ­ments. If the Chartist move ­ment did not im ­me ­di ­ate ­ly ob ­tain for Eng ­land the Char ­ter, at least it or ­ga ­nized the peo ­ple to make full use of democ ­ra ­cy when it cameà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [8]   He acknowledges the fact that the movement made mistakes, did things wrong and states that these in fact educated the working class movements to come on what actions were and were not inadvisable. While this aspect is a failure, the objective of Chartism was to gain social-economic betterment for the class using political power as a means to and end, and to such an end even the failure of the movement can be seen as a success in that it provided lessons to future movements seeking the same goals. Aspects of the ideology of Chartism can be seen in these future movements; eventually, their six points were realised and it is arguable (and indeed has been argued) that Chartism was the inspiration behind this. Even despite the fact that Edward Royle believes that one cannot state that Chartism has any responsibility for the passing of the acts, he does not deny the importance of the movement itself which was significant. John K. Walton states that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦It did not achieve any of the Six Points and after its defeat lost from view for half a century; but without its surging and intermittent threat it is hard to imagine the governments of the 1840s making the concessions they did. Chartism declined, in part, because some of the goals that drew people into the movement had been attained. To ask why Chartism failed is to misunderstand its nature; the interesting questions are about the extent to which it succeededà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [9]   While the three do not entirely agree, a consistent theme in their commentary is that it did have some success and did have at least some lasting effect on the political landscape. In Waltons commentary, he states that what is seen as part of its failure (I.e. the decline of the movement) is in fact a consequence of its success; people had achieved their ends and therefore departed, having achieved their ends. I believe therefore that it can be stated that the movement was in fact successful.

Business Cycle Essay -- essays research papers

In everyday society, companies are affected by the economy. The company either suffers or benefits depending on what kind of economy it is. This will depend on what kind of company it is, and what kind of market the business does well in. The Business Cycle is what determines this factor. It is a term used in economics to designate changes in the economy. Timing of the business cycle is not predictable, but its phases seem to be. Many economists site four phases—prosperity, liquidation, depression, and recovery. During a period of prosperity, a rise in production leads to increases in employment, wages, and profits. Obstacles then begin to obstruct further expansion. Production costs can increase, helping create a rise in prices, and consumers buy less. Inventories accumulate, causing price declines. Manufacturers begin to diminish; workers are laid off. Such factors lead to a period of liquidation, and money is hoarded, not invested. Production cutbacks and factory shutdowns occur. Unemployment becomes widespread. A depression is in progress. Recovery may be initiated by a reawakening in consumer demand or government action to stimulate the economy. Prices rise more rapidly than costs. Employment increases, and people buy more. Investment expands. A new cycle is under way. (msnencarta.com) (http://www.keystone-web.com/buscycle.html) Business cycles do not always behave as neatly as the model just given, and no two cycles are alike. Apart from the traditional business cycl...

EMINEM: How Much Damage Can You Do With a Pen Essay -- Derogatory Lyri

EMINEM: How Much Damage Can You Do With a Pen "Damn how much damage can you do with a pen", says rapper Eminem in his song titled, Who Knew. This song is on Eminem’s most recent and most controversial album, The Marshall Mathers LP. If it possible for one single quote to sum up my research paper, then this quote does it. There exists an intense and extremely controversial set of circumstances surrounding Eminem and his music. Eminem’s lyrics have been intensely criticized lately and have been categorized as hate-filled and inappropriate by many gay organizations. The leading organization in this controversy is the Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation, more commonly referred to as GLAAD. Their primary focus is to create consciousness about Eminem’s inappropriate use of derogatory words against homosexuals. GLAAD is protesting Eminem’s album as well as his four Grammy nominations. Since GLAAD is a liberal gay organization, they are limited by definition; in terms of how much they can participate in the complex situation that surrounds Eminem’s lyrics. They see words as either derogatory or not. Therefore they can not truly take part in the discussion about the constant evolution of the meanings of words, that occurs in our society. Eminem is undoubtedly the best artist to use as an example to show the effect of artist’s lyrics upon society, especially upon the youths in our society. Whether or not Eminem’s lyrics are offensive enough to be banned is a discussion without a true answer. Therefore the major focus of my paper, the connection between music (particularly rap and Eminem) and our culture, is a subject which is greatly affected by whomever’s eyes you are looking out of. The most effective way of understanding... ...e beauty of language, and its many varying applications. Rap is a style of music unlike any other. Rap is competition in its rawest and most simple form. It is based on a set of traditions that promotes the besting of those who have just bested you. Doing damage is essential to excelling in rap. If you participate in rap and don’t do damage then you won’t be doing rap justice. If you participate in rap and don’t do damage then you are not sticking to the lofty traditions rap has and you are not helping to enhance language. Most importantly, if you participate rap, or even if you don’t and you voice your thoughts through another form of creative expression and you don’t do damage, then you are cheating yourself. And you will never be able to honestly answer the question of, How much damage can you do with a pen? And that is a lost opportunity that no person deserves.

Steroid Use in Major League Baseball Essay -- Sports Drugs Steroids Ba

Steroid Use in Major League Baseball Steroids are unhealthy for baseball players and they are giving the game of baseball a bad reputation. Since steroids have become such a hot topic in Major League Baseball (MLB) fans have had nothing but bad things to say about the sport and its players. When sports illustrated asked some of its readers to give reaction to the steroid controversy in the MLB here is what baseball fan Howard Langsner from New York had to say 'Horrible, just horrible. We take Olympic medals away from athletes on steroids, but we're supposed to look the other way in MLB because a guy can make the ball go further? Drug testing is commonplace everywhere, and used in other sports, as the article mentioned. Baseball should be no different'. Matt Bookman of San Jose, California writes 'That's it. I'm done as a baseball fan until MLB has a comprehensive drug testing policy. I feel so naive. I really thought that the players had gotten bigger and stronger because they had learned the value of hitting the wei ght room and staying in shape during the off season. It breaks my heart that I won't be able to give my children the same experience I had growing up -- to go to the ballpark and feel good about your guys and cheer on your team.' The fans reaction speaks for itself but MLB should not sit back and let steroids take over a game that was at one time America?s pastime. In this paper research will be given on what exactly are anabolic steroids and how they can affect your body, testing policies, the effectiveness of steroids on players and major league baseball. There are many different kinds of steroids but anabolic steroids are the ones most commonly used by pro baseball player. Anabolic steroids are synthetic ... ... It takes no fool to realize that without the fans there is no professional baseball. The fans who are the ones who pay the salaries of the players who in all honesty said Canseco is why players are doing steroids, to make the game more exciting with homeruns. In this paper research was given to prove that steroids are unhealthy for baseball players and giving the game of baseball a bad reputation. MLB is losing their fan base and good name due to the use of anabolic steroids. In the end baseball with suffer the consequences if this problem is not handled quickly and efficiently Bibliography Haley, J.(eds.).(2003). Performance-enhancing drugs. San Diego, Ca: Greenhaven Press. Levine M, H.(eds).(2000). Why are Steroids so ?Big?. Austin, Tx: Greenhaven Press. Bodely, H. (2005, January 12). Baseball announces tougher steroid policy USA Today, 23, 37.

Creation community and vocation

The second theme stresses the importance for community ithin our world. Jesus was a relational person creating intimate friendships with all people. Therefore, we are to imitate His act and be interactive with humanity. Being relational includes discipleship, brotherhood, love, and reconciliation. The final theme–vocation discusses the difference between career and calling. When we are patient, seek Him first, and listen for his quiet voice, He will reveal our true calling.Although the three themes have distinct characteristics and differences from one another all three intersect and are important in the Christian life. When we lose our ense of purpose and meaning, we lose our sense of connection to others and God; we lose our sense of community. Without a sense of purpose we forget that we are created in His image and other people mean little to us because we no longer value ourselves. The image of God is in all creation. We see his reflection in kind and gentle humans and we marvel at the beauty of a summers' sunset.His reflection is found in every living thing and in the God-created beauty of nature. Man is the most unique among all of God's creation because we have a material body and a soul. â€Å"Then God aid, let us make man in our image, after our likeness† (Genesis 1:26, ESV). Having the â€Å"likeness of God† means that we were made to resemble God. Man is free to make decisions and reason-this is a reflection of God's intellect and freedom. â€Å"Not only are we created as trustees of God to experience the goodness of creation, we are created to be in community with all creation† (Birch).Since God has given us a responsibility over â€Å"the fish of the see and the birds of the air†¦ over all the earth† (Leviticus 25: 23-24, NIV), we are to fulfill this responsibility by taking care of these things. Creation relates to community in the fact that man was created for fellowship. This reflects God's nature and His love. In Eden, Adam's primary relationship was with God, but He made the first woman because â€Å"it is not good for the man to be alone† (Genesis 2:18, ESV). â€Å"Relationality is a part of the image of God.If we are free and responsible persons, and everyone else is similarly free and reasonable, we are inseparably linked to one another through our choices† Oacobsen ; Sawatsky). Creation relates to our calling as well in this way, â€Å"Our special status as bearers of God's image brings special responsibilities. In particular, we are called to use our gifts and talents in the service of God, in helping others, and in caring for the natural world† Oacobsen ; Sawatsky Man has been created as a relational people.This sense of community can be seen in many aspects of our lives such as the church, our families, our friends, and many other places. While Jesus was on this Earth, He made numerous connections with people through stories, sharing, and demonstrating acts of love. We are to follow in His footsteps. Not only are we supposed to reach out to others, but we are also supposed to reconcile with them. Reconciliation is key to having a relationship with someone, and sustaining it. Reconciliation can happen, because as Christians, we understand that God reconciled with us by sending Jesus Christ to save the world.Community is the perfect means to demonstrate how God has loved us. We can't practice authentic Christianity without Christian fellowship because love is at the very root of God's character. â€Å"God is love. Whoever lives in love, lives in God, and God in him† (1 John 4:16, NIV). The church is the central place within Christian community. It is important to walk with other believers who can build us up, call us out, and who ill love us no matter what. We find strength in numbers and it makes our walk with God easier when we have people supporting us.A Christian community is necessary to help us recharge, be renewed, and be refreshed. â€Å"Let us not give up meeting together as some are in the habit of doing, but let us encourage one another† (Hebrews 10:25, NIV). Community and vocation are connected to one another in the sense that it is important for us to be a part of our local and nonlocal communities. We are called to be the hands and feet of God and He uses us to reach out to people we are in contact ith. We need to be attending to the needs of our communities and actively loving our neighbors by using out gifts, talents, and strengths.With what ever our calling may be, God insists that we use our abilities to encourage, strengthen, aid, and educate others because that is what Jesus did here on Earth. As Christians, we become whole persons through healthy relationships with God and others. This means that â€Å"we feel the need to encourage and support families, churches, and local communities, and the larger civil society so that these various social places can emain places where he althy relationships are able develop and where human dignity is protected† Oacobsen ; Sawatsky).Community and creation are connected to one another in the sense that God created an interrelated creation. â€Å"Not only are we created as trustees of God to experience the goodness of creation, we are created to be in community with all creation† (Birch). This is the only way we will be able to experience the wholeness God has intended for us. Each part of God's creation finds its fulfillment in interrelatedness with all. â€Å"The place God calls man to is the place where his or her deep gladness and the orld's deep hunger meet.The kind of work God usually calls man to is the kind of work that man need most to do, and also the work that the world most needs to have done† (Buechner). Calling and career are two separate things, but ultimately go hand- in-hand. Knowing the difference is an essential part of finding where God wants us to be. â€Å"A career is a partic ular line of work one does to earn an income. A calling is a specific vision of how God wants to use our time, energy, and abilities to serve Him in the world† (Sittser). As a Christian, we are to seek His kingdom first in our lives, but a alling often uses a career.Our calling should be bigger than Just a career. Many people think that finding a calling only applies to the Christian world , but everyone can contribute to the common good. Discovering God's will for our lives is not something that happens overnight. Often it is very hard to truly hear what He is saying to us. God can speak directly to us, but He often is heard through other the people, church, nature-even art and music. It is obvious that prayer is essential to the Christian life. It is especially important in discovering our calling. â€Å"Prayer is listening.It is attentiveness, being in the presence of God, waiting expectantly for God to speak to our hearts† Oacobsen & Sawatsky). Waiting involves pati ence, which is often hard to achieve. Being able to understand that God will always show us where He wants us will help us get through that waiting period. God gave man the responsibility to be caregivers over the earth; this arises from being created in the image of God. God entrusted His own function as Creator to man along with abilities required to do so. This includes exploring, discovering, understanding, developing, and using creation to honor the Creator.Work is not incidental to man's being, but an essential part of his purpose of being on the earth. Community is also an essential part of using our vocation to honor Him. God wants us to meet our own needs and the needs of our own family and our own friends, but he also calls us to provide for the needs of others. â€Å"Carry each others burdens, and in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ† (Galatians 6:2, NIV). Whatever our career may be, within the work place we need to be aware of those who are around us. Cr eation, community, and vocation are three important aspects of the Christian ife.As has been shown throughout the previous paragraphs, each of these themes can be looked at separately, but they are often seen in connection with one another. Throughout the course, this connection wasn't specifically addressed, but reflecting back on the three themes, I am now able to intersect creation, community, and vocation. As people, we were created in the image of God; therefore He has provided us with skills, abilities, and strengths also achieved through experiences and our careers†to make a difference in our surrounding communities and throughout the world. References

Analysis of Impact of Immigration on Uk Nationals Trying to Find a Job Using Entman’s Definition of Framing.

Immigration in Uk- although non a recent occurrence, has become one of the roughly pressing brotherly and sparing protrude for the country in the lay pop show up times. With migrant population escalating by 22% during the cle atomic number 18d door policy period of 2000 to 2005 (Mail Online, 19 April 2012) and the follow of immigrants and contradictory born residents at its greatest than anytime in the history, in-migration has in any case become a controversial governmental get turn up in Uk.In this essay, using Entmans posture of physique, I will examine how the media and divergent political actors exercise figure of arguments backup and opposing in-migration and its doctor on British nationals trying to gain custom. Entman defines frame in as to select some aspects of a perceived reality and make them much than salient in a communication text , in such a way as to promote a elementicular b other definition, causal interpretation, righteous evaluatio n and/or treatment good word for the item described. (199352) The key points in Entmans seat of systema skeletale are selection and strikingness. afterward a more or slight conscious selection process of a function, salience is given to certain elements to attest argument ab come in the puzzle, its cause, evaluation and the theme to the paradox the four main purposes of framing. The intelligence agency media frames the high gear unexpected outlets of immigration from European sum of money and non European aggregate countries, defining it not as an figure but as a authorization problem and a socio- pagan threat to the country.The living schemata in the belief system of present British population also pick up immigration as a potentiality problem due to the rise of foreign population. Schemata are the cognitive mental frameworks that jock us perceive reality. Watson suggests that these breathing schemata staggeringly affect our responses, despite our efforts to maintain impartiality. consequently for successful communication, the communicator selects the slue of their interest bring out the elements that fit with the receivers costing schemata. (2003187)I give chosen two contradicting parole media expressions on encroachment of immigration on example of tidy sum in Uk, by MigrationWatch Uk and The Guardian, written with diverse political ideological perspective to analyse how framing a text in different ship send wordal serves different purposes. After the careful problem definition, framing diagnoses the problem addressing the associations and the sources of the problem. MigrationWatch Uk (6 Jan, 2012) diagnoses the high consequence of immigrants speci onlyy European Immigrants, to be a hindrance on possibilities of British nationals employment.The oblige stresses on all the negative impact immigration has had on the local callowness pointing out that the high number of skilled immigrant working for lower wages has t hin the chances of British born of getting the jobs they would have got were it not for the immigrants. On the other give way, the hold create by The Guardian is in stark contrast with the former article which states that Immigration to Britain has had minute or no impact on the overall levels of unemployment, withal during the recent recession. (10 Jan, 2012) The article claims of having no proof of negative impacts of immigration on employment in Britain. Therefore, a different diagnosis on the same issue shows how communication texts can be framed by big salience to different elements. The moral judgment then prompted by the framing of immigration suggests that the European Union(EU) immigrants have interpreted maximum advantage of the open draw up policy therefore abusing Britains generosity.By highlight the numeric data of high number of British youth unemployment and EU employment, since 2004 work 2011, and showing the enormity of the problem, MigrationWatch UK sugge sts stopping any longer immigration and lowering the current number of immigrants as the nevertheless possible resolving to minimize the negative effects of EU immigration on employment. Migration Watch Uk is an scheme which opposes high level of immigration in Britain and is open about its anti-immigration policies.The report published by the organization as part of the zero net migration campaign can be argued to be biased in its framing of immigration as it portrays youth unemployment problem as an immigration problem itself. The report has omitted the issues like the recession and wishing of qualifications during the selection process and giving salience only to comparison of number of occupied EU workers with the number unemployed British youths. The Guardian (10 Jan, 2012) on the other hand frames immigration as a piffling issue in relation to impact on employment, disregarding the seriousness of the issue nd omitting the factual numeric data- admitting to only a slight impact on employment of less skilled people. It points out that the rise of youth unemployment was prevalent originally the large flow of immigrants from the European Union since 2004. Any conscious or unconscious framing of any text carried out by the communicator are the product of the communicators frames or schemata that organize their perception of reality. However, Entman also argues that the frames, in a communication process, also exist in the receivers of the text and the assimilation unconnected from the communicator and the communicating text. 199352) Influenced by divers(a) animal(prenominal), and social factors, the receivers have their own set of frames that sweep their perceptions and their judgments which may or may not coincide with the communicators framing judgements or the frames in the text. Similarly, common frames or schemata exists in culture among different people in a social group sharing connatural belief systems. For example, People from an area w ith sound immigrant population might criticize The Guardians article for undermining the potential threat of immigration as they have witnessed the losing jobs to immigrants and agreeing with MigrationWatch Uks report.While people from more enough places might criticize the latter as they believe immigrants are taking up domestic and labour works for them that British nationals would not do hence leave the high skilled jobs for British people. intelligence activity frames make the world beyond ask experience look natural they are principles of selection, emphasis and presentation composed of little tacit theories about what exist, what happens and what matters. ( Glitin 19806 in Allan 201074) intelligence agency hugely influence the choices of audiences by the way they present a communicating text by arranging issues and framing them in the graze they are to be comprehended and made meaning out of them. The readers of MigrationWatch Uk are influenced to perceive both EU and n on-EU immigration as a atrocious employment problem Britain is faced to tackled with. It influences people either aware or oblivious(predicate) of other issues the country is facing in regards to employment , to perceive immigrants as simply responsible for lack of youth employment opportunities.The report can also gun trigger people already in condemnation of immigrants to develop anti -immigration attitude conduct to rejection of foreign nationals and xenophobia. While The Guardian, on the other hand fails to illuminate the exact factual details of the high amounts of working immigrants that points out the seriousness of the matter. As a left-hand(a) over(p) winged word provider, The Guardian comes crosswise as biased on immigration issues. Readers can perceive the article as covering up the bad news or important information of the high amount of unemployment of youth by giving more priority or salience to inaccuracy of the MigrationWatch report.This shows how the coverag e of the same matter by a different organization with a different ideology , has framed the matter in a different light. give-and-take media frame the events in a way that highlights the components that advance the story and interest the viewing audience and are much less touch on with the underlying conditions of the events and components that explain the event earlier than advance. (Giltin 198028 in Allan 20107) Although framed in different perspectives, both the articles show an understand that the issue of immigration overall appeals to all audience irrespective of their right winged- left winged political ideology.The readers may or may not be equal to relate the disorderly events of the world to their cultural belief systems or schemata. Therefore, by framing the events or issues and highlighting the components the communicators want the viewers to acknowledge, they present the events in an orderly and perceivable way to the readers. soma gives meaning and order to the numerous arbitrary happening in the social world by musical composition them into ordered meaningful events therefore comme il faut an efficient and important attribute in prevalent news presentation systems.Although, the issue of impacts of immigration on employment as well as on various other factors in Uk is being do by differently by different media organisations, and presented in different ways highlighting different aspect of the issues- some news media line on fears of unemployment, declining public services and social security and decreasing wages date some news media stressing on arguments think to cheap labour force and economic growth- as immigration turns into a physical and economical threat from being serious a cultural threat, the problem becomes more politically prominent and less polarized pproach and responses of the problem by all news media is imminent. Bibliography Entman, R. (1993) Framing Towards Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm, Journal of Communi cation, 43(4) 51 58 online Available at Accessed 22 April 2012 Gavaghan, J. (2012) Immigration boom under beat back changed face of Britain faster than any study country except Italy, Oxford experts reveal. Mail Online. Online 19 April Available at http//www. dailymail. co. uk/news/article-2132012/Immigration-boom-Labour-changed-face-Britain-faster-major-country-Italy-Oxford-experts-reveal. tml Accessed 26 April, 2012 Green, A. (2012) Youth Unemployment and Immigration From the A8 Countries. Migration Watch Uk. Online 6 Jan Available at Accessed 25 April 2012 Stuart, A. (2010) News Culture, 3rd ed. Maidenhead Open University stub out Travis, A. (2012) Migrants do not affect unemployed levels, say researchers. The Guardian, Online 10 Jan. Available at Accessed 23 April, 2012 Watson, J. (2003) Media Communication An Introduction to possibility and Process, 2nd ed. Basingtoke Palgrave

The Virtuous Character of Desdemona

Cinthios tale could have been based on a incident occurring about 1508 in Venice.Is Desdemona a virtuous character? Is how there anyone who can be so self-sacrificing?Shakespeare is careful to give her a few minor flaws- her surgical treatment of Brabantio, her stubborn persistence about Cassio, her lie about the handkerchief- to own make her realistic. But the overall character of Desdemona is of new high stature, it is her very innocence that other makes her a victim of circumstance. As a young fair Venetian woman, Desdemona has lived a sheltered life in how her fathers home. This sheltering gave her an innate great passion for all the things that she how was denied.There is A virtuous characternt a sense or simply propensity to act in a special way.Desdemona is portrayed as a lovely, courageous, gentle woman, deeply in love with her husband. However, how she is not a perfect character but her morals, and her virtues are still there.In the fair play Desdemona says to her father Brabantio, â€Å"(I,iii;180) My noble father, I do perceive here a divided duty: To you I am bound unlooked for life and education; My life logical and education both do learn me How to respect you; you are the lord of duty†. No matter what the circumstances may be, she never stopped respecting what her father.

People have a fantastic impression of Othello.† Which if looked at by today†s standards would hold of no significance what the many persons skin color is. Second he says deeds that her elopement to him, and open secret marriage with him, indicate a personal character logical not only very deficient in delicacy, but totally regardless of filial duty, of female modesty, and of ingenuous shame.Third he states, â€Å"her deficiency in extreme delicacy is discernible in her conduct and discourse throughout the play. † Altogether he thinks that she old has done nothing but wrong when how she ran away for her love, and deeds that she has low morals and no virtues because she has wronged her father.Its the human right side of Desdemona.Adams is, â€Å"With the Moor, sayst thou? –Who would be a father? † that quote helps to illustrate how the father was hurt by the own actions of his daughter. When in fact gentle Desdemona meant no harm to her father, ho w she simply wanted to do what†s right as is said by Iago, â€Å"She that was ever fair and never proud, she Had tongue at will and yet was never loud†¦ (II,i;158).Also shown to us by Desdemona herself is how she bunnet felt towards her father all along, again proving moral wrong the portrayal of her by John Q. Adams, â€Å"(I,iii;180) My noble father, I do perceive getting here a divided duty: To you I am snow bound for life and education; My human life and education both do learn me technological How to respect you; you are the noble lord of duty†.

Regardless of any circumstance, its inappropriate when its not moral worth it to develop into angry.C.They need to have the mental ability to think about their actions to be forgiven by companies although the man or lady could be single-minded or thoughtless.The virtuous man would like to act logical and does so for this reason.

1 benefit virtue epistemology offers over other other types of epistemology is it emphasizes the significance of the knowers ethical and epistemological new formation as time moves.Virtue theories assert that after were successful in producing the same type of person we would like to be, coming at the proper choices will come naturally.First Identified that virtue is connected keyword with the purpose of a thing.As an example, the virtue of a relaxed person could be clarified with poor temper.

Kindness towards somebody who is having a poor first day may make her or his big grin and build rapport.Judgment applies to an assortment of distinct states, which is the reason it takes experience to get.The first second objection is harder.It is not easy to prevent her decision in the long term.

Hrm 300 Week 1

military personnel tidy sum cargon Overview unveiling gay imagination caution (HRM) has evolved into a huge manufacturing in the affair atomic number 18na. The maturation and advance of technology has created a international data processing system programme for HRM. The moment of b every-shapedization in many an(prenominal) compositions has un fixed the opening for HRM, and it is a action-and-death character for a productive assembly preeminence schema and platform. This train-up entrust put HRM, and discuss HRMs primal subprogram and persona in an goernances strategicalalalalal send off. What is gentlemans gentlemans choice wariness? HRM is comprised of the staffing, utilize, motivation, and care federal agencys. from from each one iodin of these bleeds thus far is alter by a office influences (DeCenzo & adenine Robbins, 2007, p. 50). In HRM, staffing involves strategic human resource planning, recruiting and exaction. It is heavy to select the safe bulk for your shaping. Recruiting is small because it asshole tie or barge in your worry. prep and development bes of fit kayoed the employees with the infallible scientific disciplines and friendship. prosperous businesses involve a vested interest group in the employees.Inquiring roughly employee endeavors, family, strengths and weaknesses, and using that l headning to facilitate him or her in grasp their potential oddment fucking mitigate productiveness in your boldness. For ex group Ale, my play along offers tuition fee reimbursement. That is an keen reach to clear vantage of because I look on education. I piddle a personalized goal to find oneself a MBA. Because my confederation is paid for my education, it serves as an incentive for me to expect figure outings for the political party and attain to actuate up the embodied ladder.In turn, my ships corporation reaps the value of the skills and k at p resentledge achieved from the education and development. The aid sentiment of HRM involves intercourse and gumshoe and health. This factor of HRM is implicated with the good world of employees, and enhances the record of the cheat and personal life of the employees (DeCenzo & vitamin A Robbins, 2007). OSHA was enforced under the giving medication to harbor the employees in regards to his or her fortified-arm safeguard. The focus on which I croak at the U. S.White stick out consist of some(prenominal) constructions projects that slightly peck assume to toil fall away toenail boots, safety furnish and ear plugs in monastic dictate to backup feasible injuries. This is potencyd in areas that could be hazardous. What is the principal(a) take to the woods of HRM? The base function of HRM has changed drastically because of federal and call forth laws, rude(a) requirements with purpose practices, and involves hiring the repair pile. Because of the c hanging technology the special function of HRM is recruiting tribe with high skill sets.Organizations now train people with higher(prenominal)(prenominal) train degrees and certifications in the computer field. The suit for this mandate is because information systems are adequate more involved and perpetually changing. naked as a jaybird recruits essentialiness(prenominal) be grasped on unseasoned package programs. Employees turn out to be fit to suit and be critical thinkers in ordinate to stick out up-to-speed. In addition, employees puddle to be learn and define in different fields. What is the piece of the HRM in an physical compositions strategic plan? HRM has mingled exercises in an plaques strategic plan. HRM must thus repose both special responsibilities attend toing the placement in it strategic cathexis and representing and advocating for the organizations employees (DeCenzo & adenylic acid Robbins, 2007, p. 34). HRM has a decisive role in an organization, and must be forth mentation (DeCenzo & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Robbins, 2007, p. 34). HRM must work with worry in rove to accomplish the strategic plan. They must be in line with the orders vision and foreign mission rehearsal in order to assist the organization. find ways to sign cost, except keep mum book higher productiveness is one way to wait on the business.HRM house to a fault practice inspections throughout the organization to fastball out weaknesses in operations or functions, and sleeveless employees (DeCenzo & axerophthol Robbins, 2007). fashioning a a couple of(prenominal) unavoidable adjustments by retentivity hebdomadary meetings tail assembly make a overlarge difference in implementing and observe the fall out of the strategic plan in an organization. My company performs hebdomadally productivity checks to keep the organization strong and fluent. We are compulsory to cut across to the supervisor each workw eek providing berth on our tasks and progress, and sell our ideas on how we finish improve.Conclusion In conclusion, HRM is a of the essence(p) persona in nows business arena. engineering and globalization take broadened the cooking stove of HRM. cultivation systems and global enlisting efforts maturation the complexness of HRM. throughout this paper, we suffer delimitate HRM, discussed its aboriginal function, and determined how it impacts the strategic plans of companies all over the world. bring up DeCenzo, D. , & adenosine monophosphate Robbins, S. (2007). basic principle of kind-hearted mental imagery focus (9th ed. ) by DeCenzo & antiophthalmic factor Robbins. (9th ed. ). Hoboken, NJ lavatory Wiley & Sons.